Handling a dog that bites

A dog might also react aggressively if she is possessive of her food, toys or territory. She may growl, snarl or even bite if she is approached while eating or sleeping or if she is pushed off a bed or couch.

Owners need to continue the process of socialization. That means introducing the dog to adults, children, other dogs and novel situations. Early training classes (from about three months of age, after your pup has been vaccinated) that teach basic puppy manners are good places for this to happen, as are dog parks.

Discourage rough play or jumping up—stand still, say "off" in a firm tone and turn away if the pup does jump, chase or bite playfully. Avoid physical punishment; instead, reward her with praise and a food treat for behaving as you wish. Ignoring a dog when she is acting inappropriately is much more effective than physically punishing her.

Physical punishment has no place in the treatment of aggression and, in fact, is likely to make the problem worse. Avoid any trainer who uses techniques such as hanging the dog by her choke collar or rolling and pinning her on her back. These techniques are dangerous for both dog and owner.

Aggression is controllable in many cases, especially if you deal with the problem right away and all the members of the household are consistent in their approach. I hope that before too long you'll have a canine companion that everyone in the family can enjoy and trust.

Dr. Alice Crook co-ordinates the Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre at the Atlantic Veterinary College at the University of Prince Edward Island. She also chairs the Animal Welfare Committee of the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.