Whether it’s the hair ball in your shower drain or the stray strands that seem to leave a trail behind you, it can feel disheartening to spot the signs of hair damage. And while avoiding it altogether is nearly impossible, you can take easy steps to minimize its impact—and even repair those fraying hair fibres. Here, two experts weigh in on how to score your healthiest hair.
Think of a strand of hair as tiny twines neatly twisted together to form a rope, says Vancouver-born celebrity hairstylist and Kerasilk brand ambassador Harry Josh. “Over time, the little rope gets worn and torn," he says, "and then the slightest amount of weight or pressure can break it.” The hair might snap off completely, or you may notice split ends, where the tips of your hair form little prongs as they break apart. This damage can cause your hair to frizz and lose its shine.
Related: What I Learned From Losing My Hair
Breakage can happen anywhere along the hair shaft, be it up high near the root, somewhere midway, or down at the bottom. This is different from hair loss or thinning, which have various causes, including conditions like alopecia areata, androgenic alopecia and hormonal issues. All these conditions can cause shedding (keep in mind, a certain amount of shedding is normal), and some strategies for tackling breakage can help with hair loss, too.
Heat styling and chemical processes, like colouring and relaxing, are two common causes of hair damage. But it’s easy to forget that environmental factors, such as sun exposure and a lack of humidity, play a role as well. “If it’s affecting your skin, it’s affecting your hair,” says Josh.
The health of your scalp matters, too. “I find that clients see their hair breakage and don’t realize that if their scalp was in better condition, it wouldn’t be happening,” says Janet Jackson, L’Oréal Paris hair expert and owner of JouJou Hair Studio in Toronto. Another sneaky culprit? Hormonal changes, which can impact your hair, nails and skin.
That’s why you may notice more hair breakage during menopause, when estrogen levels decline. This can contribute to a damage double-whammy, considering that our strands already become a little finer as we age. These more delicate strands (picture a daintier twine rope) can break more easily, making good hair habits even more crucial.
The old adage “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” is fitting here. Seeing that hair is primarily made of dead cells, it doesn’t have the ability to heal itself. Your best bet is to try to minimize breakage in the first place.
A little patience is key as you adopt these habits. “Similar to growing muscle, you need consistency to see incremental improvements,” says Josh, who notes that you should notice less shedding after about four weeks, with more significant results taking months as the damage grows out and healthier strands grow in.
Because your hair isn’t actually living tissue, it can’t heal itself in the way that, say, your skin can. But bond-repair products can help. Available as shampoos, conditioners, masks, serums and more, these formulas help reconnect your hair’s naturally occurring chemical bonds—the ones that break when your hair is damaged. “Bond-repair treatments help you on a long-term basis; it’s not just the aesthetic of making it look better, but actually bonding and repairing inside the hair strand,” says Jackson.
If your damage is next-level—“I see clients who literally have a shag cut from breakage,” says Josh—it might be time for a complete reset. “Live in a bun and give your hair four months off from chemicals and hot tools,” he says. You can also consider a major chop to get rid of the damage, and then commit to a routine that will help restore your hair to good health.
If a silk pillowcase isn’t in the budget, try this affordable satin option that one Chatelaine editor swears by.
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Give your roots a boost with this daily-use serum that promises thicker and fuller strands straight from the follicle.
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Protect your hair from temps as hot as 450F while also lending some extra moisture via aloe and hyaluronic acid.
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Round out your styling routine with this finishing cream, which contains plant extracts and vegan protein to strengthen and smooth split ends.
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The first part of a four-step bond repair system, this pre-shampoo contains 12 percent citric acid to rebuild broken bonds inside hair strands.
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This soft silicone brush has spaced-out, flexible bristles to glide gently through hair without any snags.
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Quench dry hair with a hydrating five-minute mask loaded with argan oil and glycerin.
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With an ultra-concentrated blend of vitamin B5, lipids and antioxidants, these ampoules help bring back shine while protecting against future damage.
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A cocktail of keratin, microalgae, collagen and biotin helps cut breakage and amp up fullness.
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